- Changes in the state of matter occur when energy is added to or removed from a substance, causing its particles to rearrange and transition between solid, liquid, and gas phases.
- These transitions include:
1. Melting of Changes in the State of Matter:
- Solid to liquid.
- Occurs when a solid absorbs heat, causing its particles to vibrate more until they break free from their fixed positions.
- Example: Ice melting into water.
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2. Freezing of Changes in the State of Matter:
- Liquid to solid.
- Happens when a liquid loses heat, causing particles to slow down and settle into fixed positions.
- Example: Water freezing into ice.
3. Vaporization:
- Liquid to gas.
- Occurs in two forms: evaporation (surface molecules gain enough energy to become gas) and boiling (entire liquid reaches boiling point).
- Example: Water boiling into steam.
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4. Condensation:
- Gas to liquid.
- Gas particles lose energy, slow down, and form a liquid.
- Example: Steam condensing into water droplets.
5. Sublimation:
- Solid to gas without becoming a liquid.
- Example: Dry ice (solid CO₂) turning directly into gas.
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6. Deposition:
- Gas to solid without becoming a liquid.
- Example: Frost forming on a cold surface.
Thank you for reading from Firsthope's notes, don't forget to check YouTube videos!
