- Ideal solubility parameters provide a quantitative measure of the solubility of substances.
- They are based on the concept that similar intermolecular forces between solute and solvent lead to better solubility.
- The most common parameter is the Hildebrand solubility parameter (δ), which is defined as:
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$\delta = \sqrt{\frac{\Delta H_v – RT}{V_m}}$
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- Where:
- ΔHv = Enthalpy of vaporization
- R = Universal gas constant
- T = Temperature in Kelvin
- Vm = Molar volume
Ideal Solubility Parameters Concept:
- For a solute to dissolve ideally in a solvent, their solubility parameters should be similar.
- This is often summarized by the “like dissolves like” principle:
- Polar solutes dissolve better in polar solvents.
- Non-polar solutes dissolve better in non-polar solvents.
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